Fix asset precompile boot and bump version to 0.16.0

The CLINCH_HOST initializer raised during `assets:precompile` in the
Docker build, where no real host is set. Skip the check when
SECRET_KEY_BASE_DUMMY is present (the build-time precompile step);
deployed boots still require CLINCH_HOST.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>

app/controllers/api/forward_auth_controller.rb

@@ -64,26 +64,16 @@ module Api
           return render_forbidden("No authentication rule configured for this domain")
         end
       else
-        Rails.logger.info "ForwardAuth: User #{user.email_address} authenticated (no domain specified)"
+        # Fail closed: with no host we cannot resolve an application or evaluate its
-      end
+        # group policy. Emitting identity headers here would bypass all per-domain
-
+        # access control, so reject instead.
-      headers = if app
+        Rails.logger.info "ForwardAuth: Access denied - no host header present"
-        app.headers_for_user(user)
+        return render_forbidden("No host header present")
-      else
-        Application::DEFAULT_HEADERS.map { |key, header_name|
-          case key
-          when :user, :email, :name
-            [header_name, user.email_address]
-          when :username
-            [header_name, user.username] if user.username.present?
-          when :groups
-            user.groups.any? ? [header_name, user.groups.map(&:name).join(",")] : nil
-          when :admin
-            [header_name, user.admin? ? "true" : "false"]
-          end
-        }.compact.to_h
       end
 
+      # Reaching here implies a matching, active application was resolved above
+      # (every other path returns forbidden), so headers are always scoped to it.
+      headers = app.headers_for_user(user)
       headers.each { |key, value| response.headers[key] = value }
       Rails.logger.debug "ForwardAuth: Headers sent: #{headers.keys.join(", ")}" if headers.any?
 
@@ -148,6 +138,14 @@ module Api
         return render_bearer_error("Application is inactive")
       end
 
+      # Re-check group membership at use-time. The ApiKey model only validates
+      # access on creation, so a user removed from the app's allowed groups
+      # afterwards must not keep access via an existing key.
+      unless app.user_allowed?(user)
+        Rails.logger.info "ForwardAuth: API key '#{api_key.name}' denied - user #{user.email_address} lacks group access to #{app.domain_pattern}"
+        return render_bearer_error("Access denied: insufficient group membership")
+      end
+
       api_key.touch_last_used!
 
       headers = app.headers_for_user(user)
@@ -198,11 +196,14 @@ module Api
       original_host = request.headers["X-Forwarded-Host"]
       original_uri = request.headers["X-Forwarded-Uri"] || request.headers["X-Forwarded-Path"] || "/"
 
-      original_url = if original_host
+      # X-Forwarded-Host is attacker-influenceable, so only honour the forwarded
-        "https://#{original_host}#{original_uri}"
+      # URL as a post-login redirect target if it resolves to a known, active
-      else
+      # forward-auth application. Otherwise this is an open redirect: a spoofed
-        redirect_url || base_url
+      # host would be stored and reflected into the signin `rd`, then followed
-      end
+      # (with allow_other_host) after the user authenticates. Fall back to a
+      # validated `rd` or, failing that, the IdP's own base URL.
+      forwarded_url = "https://#{original_host}#{original_uri}" if original_host.present?
+      original_url = validate_redirect_url(forwarded_url) || redirect_url || base_url
 
       session[:return_to_after_authenticating] = original_url
 
@@ -242,18 +243,13 @@ module Api
     def determine_base_url(redirect_url)
       return redirect_url if redirect_url.present?
 
-      if ENV["CLINCH_HOST"].present?
+      # CLINCH_HOST is the IdP's canonical origin and is mandatory in deployed
-        host = ENV["CLINCH_HOST"]
+      # environments (enforced at boot in config/initializers/clinch_host.rb).
-        host.match?(/^https?:\/\//) ? host : "https://#{host}"
+      # We never fall back to the request host: a spoofed X-Forwarded-Host would
-      else
+      # otherwise redirect the login flow to an attacker-controlled origin. The
-        request_host = request.host || request.headers["X-Forwarded-Host"]
+      # localhost default only applies to local dev/test.
-        if request_host.present?
+      host = ENV["CLINCH_HOST"].presence || "http://localhost:3000"
-          Rails.logger.warn "ForwardAuth: CLINCH_HOST not set, using request host: #{request_host}"
+      host.match?(%r{\Ahttps?://}) ? host : "https://#{host}"
-          "https://#{request_host}"
-        else
-          raise StandardError, "ForwardAuth: CLINCH_HOST environment variable not set and no request host available."
-        end
-      end
     end
   end
 end

app/controllers/concerns/authentication.rb

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ module Authentication
   end
 
   def find_session_by_cookie
-    Session.active.find_by(id: cookies.signed[:session_id]) if cookies.signed[:session_id]
+    Session.active.for_active_user.find_by(id: cookies.signed[:session_id]) if cookies.signed[:session_id]
   end
 
   def request_authentication

app/controllers/oidc_controller.rb

@@ -4,7 +4,11 @@ class OidcController < ApplicationController
   # Discovery and JWKS endpoints are public
   # authorize is also unauthenticated to handle prompt=none and prompt=login specially
   allow_unauthenticated_access only: [:discovery, :jwks, :token, :revoke, :userinfo, :logout, :authorize]
-  skip_before_action :verify_authenticity_token, only: [:token, :revoke, :userinfo, :logout, :authorize, :consent]
+  # Machine-to-machine endpoints (token/revoke/userinfo) and pure redirect handlers
+  # (logout/authorize) legitimately skip CSRF. The consent endpoint is browser-facing
+  # and state-changing (it grants OAuth scopes), so it MUST keep CSRF protection — the
+  # consent form already embeds the token via form_with.
+  skip_before_action :verify_authenticity_token, only: [:token, :revoke, :userinfo, :logout, :authorize]
 
   # RFC 6749 §4.1.2.1: client_id and redirect_uri must be validated *before* any
   # other error can be reported via redirect. Failures here render a plain page.

app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb

@@ -121,6 +121,16 @@ class SessionsController < ApplicationController
         return
       end
 
+      # Re-check account status: active? was verified at the password step, but an
+      # admin may have disabled the account while the user sat on this 2FA screen.
+      # Without this, a disabled account could still mint a valid session here.
+      unless user.active?
+        session.delete(:pending_totp_user_id)
+        session.delete(:pending_remember_me)
+        redirect_to signin_path, alert: "Your account is not active. Please contact an administrator."
+        return
+      end
+
       remember_me = session.delete(:pending_remember_me) || false
 
       # Try TOTP verification first (password + TOTP = 2FA)
@@ -241,6 +251,14 @@ class SessionsController < ApplicationController
       return
     end
 
+    # Re-check account status: an admin may have disabled the account between the
+    # password step and this passkey verification. Reject before creating a session.
+    unless user.active?
+      session.delete(:pending_webauthn_user_id)
+      render json: {error: "Your account is not active."}, status: :unauthorized
+      return
+    end
+
     # Get the credential and assertion from params
     credential_data = params[:credential]
     if credential_data.blank?
@@ -277,10 +295,14 @@ class SessionsController < ApplicationController
         sign_count: stored_credential.sign_count
       )
 
-      # Check for suspicious sign count (possible clone)
+      # Clone detection: a non-advancing signature counter signals the credential
+      # may have been copied. Reject the sign-in (do NOT create a session or update
+      # the stored counter) and alert the user, per WebAuthn §6.1.1.
       if stored_credential.suspicious_sign_count?(webauthn_credential.sign_count)
-        Rails.logger.warn "Suspicious WebAuthn sign count for user #{user.id}, credential #{stored_credential.id}"
+        Rails.logger.warn "Suspicious WebAuthn sign count for user #{user.id}, credential #{stored_credential.id} (stored=#{stored_credential.sign_count}, presented=#{webauthn_credential.sign_count})"
-        # You might want to notify admins or temporarily disable the credential
+        SecurityMailer.suspicious_passkey_used(user, nickname: stored_credential.display_name, **security_event_context).deliver_later
+        render json: {error: "Passkey authentication could not be completed. Please contact support."}, status: :unprocessable_entity
+        return
       end
 
       # Update credential usage

app/jobs/backchannel_logout_job.rb

@@ -28,6 +28,14 @@ class BackchannelLogoutJob < ApplicationJob
     # Send HTTP POST to the application's backchannel logout URI
     uri = URI.parse(application.backchannel_logout_uri)
 
+    # SSRF guard: re-check at request time (with DNS resolution) in case the URI
+    # predates the validation, or a public hostname now resolves to an internal
+    # address. Abort without retrying — retries would not change the outcome.
+    if PrivateAddressCheck.internal_host?(uri.host) || PrivateAddressCheck.resolves_to_internal?(uri.host)
+      Rails.logger.error "BackchannelLogout: Refusing to send logout to #{application.name} - #{uri.host} is or resolves to a non-public address (SSRF guard)"
+      return
+    end
+
     begin
       response = Net::HTTP.start(uri.host, uri.port, use_ssl: uri.scheme == "https", open_timeout: 5, read_timeout: 5) do |http|
         request = Net::HTTP::Post.new(uri.path.presence || "/")

app/lib/private_address_check.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+require "ipaddr"
+require "resolv"
+
+# SSRF guard for outbound requests to admin-configured URLs (currently the OIDC
+# backchannel logout endpoint). Blocks hosts that are, or resolve to, private,
+# loopback, link-local (incl. the cloud metadata address 169.254.169.254) or
+# otherwise non-public address space.
+module PrivateAddressCheck
+  module_function
+
+  # Hostnames that are internal by definition and must never be dialled.
+  BLOCKED_HOSTNAMES = %w[localhost metadata.google.internal].freeze
+
+  # Fast, DNS-free check: catches IP literals and well-known internal hostnames.
+  # Suitable for model validation (deterministic, immediate admin feedback).
+  def internal_host?(host)
+    host = host.to_s.downcase
+    return true if host.blank?
+    return true if BLOCKED_HOSTNAMES.include?(host)
+    return true if host.end_with?(".localhost")
+
+    ip = parse_ip(host)
+    ip ? internal_ip?(ip) : false
+  end
+
+  # Authoritative check: resolves the hostname and blocks if ANY address is
+  # internal. Suitable for request time — also defeats a public hostname that
+  # has been pointed at an internal IP (DNS rebinding to internal space).
+  def resolves_to_internal?(host)
+    addresses(host).any? { |ip| internal_ip?(ip) }
+  end
+
+  def addresses(host)
+    ip = parse_ip(host)
+    return [ip] if ip
+
+    Resolv.getaddresses(host.to_s).filter_map { |a| parse_ip(a) }
+  rescue StandardError
+    # Resolution failure: surface no addresses. Callers treat "can't resolve" as
+    # not-provably-internal; the dial itself will then fail safely.
+    []
+  end
+
+  def internal_ip?(ip)
+    ip.loopback? || ip.private? || ip.link_local? || unspecified?(ip)
+  end
+
+  def parse_ip(str)
+    IPAddr.new(str.to_s)
+  rescue IPAddr::Error
+    nil
+  end
+
+  def unspecified?(ip)
+    ip == IPAddr.new("0.0.0.0") || ip == IPAddr.new("::")
+  end
+end

app/mailers/security_mailer.rb

@@ -40,6 +40,12 @@ class SecurityMailer < ApplicationMailer
     mail subject: "#{SUBJECT_PREFIX}An API key was revoked on your account", to: user.email_address
   end
 
+  def suspicious_passkey_used(user, nickname:, ip:, user_agent:, occurred_at:)
+    assign_context(user, ip, user_agent, occurred_at)
+    @nickname = nickname
+    mail subject: "#{SUBJECT_PREFIX}A passkey sign-in was blocked", to: user.email_address
+  end
+
   def email_address_changed(user, recipient:, old_email:, new_email:, ip:, user_agent:, occurred_at:)
     assign_context(user, ip, user_agent, occurred_at)
     @recipient = recipient

app/models/application.rb

@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ class Application < ApplicationRecord
     message: "must be a valid HTTP or HTTPS URL"
   }
   validate :backchannel_logout_uri_must_be_https_in_production, if: -> { backchannel_logout_uri.present? }
+  validate :backchannel_logout_uri_not_internal, if: -> { backchannel_logout_uri.present? }
 
   # Icon validation using ActiveStorage validators
   validate :icon_validation
@@ -390,4 +391,17 @@ class Application < ApplicationRecord
       # Let the format validator handle invalid URIs
     end
   end
+
+  # SSRF guard: the backchannel logout URI is dialled server-side on every user
+  # logout, so it must not target internal infrastructure (loopback, private
+  # ranges, or the link-local cloud metadata endpoint). This is the fast,
+  # config-time check; BackchannelLogoutJob re-checks with DNS resolution.
+  def backchannel_logout_uri_not_internal
+    uri = URI.parse(backchannel_logout_uri)
+    if uri.host.present? && PrivateAddressCheck.internal_host?(uri.host)
+      errors.add(:backchannel_logout_uri, "must not point to a private, loopback, or link-local address")
+    end
+  rescue URI::InvalidURIError
+    # Let the format validator handle invalid URIs
+  end
 end

app/models/oidc_refresh_token.rb

@@ -49,11 +49,21 @@ class OidcRefreshToken < ApplicationRecord
     update!(revoked_at: Time.current)
   end
 
-  # Revoke all refresh tokens in the same family (token rotation security)
+  # Revoke all refresh tokens in the same family (token rotation security).
+  # Also revoke every access token issued within the family: on a detected reuse
+  # attack the stolen chain's access tokens must not remain usable at /userinfo
+  # until they expire.
   def revoke_family!
     return unless token_family_id.present?
 
-    OidcRefreshToken.in_family(token_family_id).update_all(revoked_at: Time.current)
+    now = Time.current
+    family = OidcRefreshToken.in_family(token_family_id)
+    access_token_ids = family.pluck(:oidc_access_token_id).compact.uniq
+
+    family.update_all(revoked_at: now)
+    if access_token_ids.any?
+      OidcAccessToken.where(id: access_token_ids, revoked_at: nil).update_all(revoked_at: now)
+    end
   end
 
   private

app/models/session.rb

@@ -7,6 +7,9 @@ class Session < ApplicationRecord
   # Scopes
   scope :active, -> { where("expires_at > ?", Time.current) }
   scope :expired, -> { where("expires_at <= ?", Time.current) }
+  # Sessions whose owning user is currently active. Used at request time so a
+  # disabled account cannot continue to authenticate with an existing session.
+  scope :for_active_user, -> { joins(:user).where(users: {status: User.statuses[:active]}) }
 
   def expired?
     expires_at.present? && expires_at <= Time.current

app/models/user.rb

@@ -41,6 +41,11 @@ class User < ApplicationRecord
   # Enum - automatically creates scopes (User.active, User.disabled, etc.)
   enum :status, {active: 0, disabled: 1, pending_invitation: 2}
 
+  # When an account stops being active (e.g. an admin disables it), immediately
+  # terminate its sessions so access is revoked everywhere, not just on expiry.
+  # Defence-in-depth: session lookup also filters by active status at request time.
+  after_update_commit :revoke_sessions_when_deactivated
+
   # Scopes
   scope :admins, -> { joins(:groups).where(groups: {admin: true}).distinct }
 
@@ -63,7 +68,10 @@ class User < ApplicationRecord
   def enable_totp!
     require "rotp"
     self.totp_secret = ROTP::Base32.random
-    self.backup_codes = generate_backup_codes
+    # generate_backup_codes assigns the BCrypt hashes to self.backup_codes and
+    # returns the plaintext codes for display. Do NOT reassign backup_codes to the
+    # return value — that would store the plaintext codes and break verification.
+    generate_backup_codes
     save!
   end
 
@@ -86,7 +94,13 @@ class User < ApplicationRecord
 
     require "rotp"
     totp = ROTP::TOTP.new(totp_secret)
-    totp.verify(code, drift_behind: 30, drift_ahead: 30)
+    # Pass `after:` so a code can only be accepted once: ROTP rejects any timestep
+    # at or before the last accepted one, closing the ~90s drift-window replay.
+    verified_at = totp.verify(code, drift_behind: 30, drift_ahead: 30, after: last_otp_at)
+    return false unless verified_at
+
+    update_column(:last_otp_at, verified_at)
+    true
   end
 
   # Console/debug helper: get current TOTP code
@@ -237,6 +251,13 @@ class User < ApplicationRecord
     Group.auto_assign.each { |g| groups << g }
   end
 
+  def revoke_sessions_when_deactivated
+    return unless saved_change_to_status?
+    return if active?
+
+    sessions.destroy_all
+  end
+
   def no_reserved_claim_names
     return if custom_claims.blank?
 

app/models/webauthn_credential.rb

@@ -52,13 +52,17 @@ class WebauthnCredential < ApplicationRecord
     end
   end
 
-  # Check if sign count is suspicious (clone detection)
+  # Check if sign count is suspicious (clone detection).
+  #
+  # Per WebAuthn §6.1.1, a signature counter of 0 means the authenticator does
+  # not implement a counter (true of most synced passkeys — Apple/Google report
+  # 0 every time), so it cannot be used for clone detection. Only when BOTH the
+  # stored and presented counts are non-zero does a non-increasing value signal
+  # a possible clone.
   def suspicious_sign_count?(new_sign_count)
-    return false if sign_count.zero? && new_sign_count > 0 # First use
+    return false if sign_count.zero? || new_sign_count.zero?
-    return false if new_sign_count > sign_count # Normal increment
 
-    # Sign count didn't increase - possible clone
+    new_sign_count <= sign_count
-    true
   end
 
   # Format for display in UI

app/views/layouts/application.html.erb

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
     <%= csrf_meta_tags %>
     <%= csp_meta_tag %>
 
-    <script>
+    <script nonce="<%= content_security_policy_nonce %>">
       (function() {
         var theme = localStorage.getItem('theme');
         if (theme === 'dark' || (!theme && window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)').matches)) {

app/views/security_mailer/suspicious_passkey_used.html.erb

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+<p>Hello,</p>
+
+<p>
+  A sign-in to your Clinch account (<strong><%= @user.email_address %></strong>)
+  using your passkey (<strong><%= @nickname %></strong>) was <strong>blocked</strong>
+  because its security counter did not advance as expected. This can indicate the
+  passkey has been copied (cloned).
+</p>
+
+<p>
+  If this was you and you are unable to sign in, remove this passkey and register
+  a new one. If you do not recognise this activity, treat it as a compromise:
+  remove the passkey and review your account security.
+</p>
+
+<%= render "event_metadata" %>

app/views/security_mailer/suspicious_passkey_used.text.erb

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+Hello,
+
+A sign-in to your Clinch account (<%= @user.email_address %>) using your passkey
+("<%= @nickname %>") was BLOCKED because its security counter did not advance as
+expected. This can indicate the passkey has been copied (cloned).
+
+If this was you and you are unable to sign in, remove this passkey and register a
+new one. If you do not recognise this activity, treat it as a compromise: remove
+the passkey and review your account security.
+
+<%= render "event_metadata" %>

app/views/sessions/new.html.erb

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
         </svg>
         Continue with Passkey
       </button>
-      <div data-webauthn-target="error" class="mt-2 text-sm text-red-600" style="display: none;"></div>
+      <div data-webauthn-target="error" class="mt-2 text-sm text-red-600 hidden"></div>
     </div>
 
     <!-- Password section - shown by default, hidden if WebAuthn is required -->

app/views/sessions/verify_totp.html.erb

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
             </svg>
             Use Passkey Instead
           </button>
-          <div data-webauthn-target="error" class="mt-2 text-sm text-red-600" style="display: none;"></div>
+          <div data-webauthn-target="error" class="mt-2 text-sm text-red-600 hidden"></div>
         </div>
       </div>
     <% end %>

config/environments/production.rb

@@ -118,14 +118,17 @@ Rails.application.configure do
       registrable_domain = domain.domain  # Gets "example.com" from "auth.example.com"
 
       if registrable_domain.present?
-        # Create regex to allow any subdomain of the registrable domain
+        # Allow the registrable domain and any subdomain of it. The pattern is
-        allowed_hosts << /.*#{Regexp.escape(registrable_domain)}/
+        # anchored (\A...\z) with a mandatory dot before the domain so that
+        # look-alikes such as "evil-example.com" or "example.com.attacker.com"
+        # do NOT match — an unanchored /.*example\.com/ would allow both.
+        allowed_hosts << /\A(.+\.)?#{Regexp.escape(registrable_domain)}\z/i
       end
     rescue PublicSuffix::DomainInvalid
       # Fallback to simple domain extraction if PublicSuffix fails
       Rails.logger.warn "Could not parse domain '#{host_domain}' with PublicSuffix, using fallback"
       base_domain = host_domain.split(".").last(2).join(".")
-      allowed_hosts << /.*#{Regexp.escape(base_domain)}/
+      allowed_hosts << /\A(.+\.)?#{Regexp.escape(base_domain)}\z/i
     end
   end
 

config/initializers/clinch_host.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+# CLINCH_HOST is this IdP's canonical external origin, e.g. https://auth.example.com.
+# It anchors the OIDC issuer, the WebAuthn RP ID, and the forward-auth login
+# redirect. In deployed (non-local) environments it MUST be set explicitly and
+# never inferred from request headers — X-Forwarded-Host is attacker-influenceable,
+# so inferring the origin from it would allow host-header phishing and open
+# redirects. Fail fast at boot rather than start in an unsafe configuration.
+#
+# Skipped during asset precompilation (e.g. the Docker build step, which sets
+# SECRET_KEY_BASE_DUMMY): no real CLINCH_HOST exists yet and assets don't need it.
+unless Rails.env.local? || ENV["SECRET_KEY_BASE_DUMMY"].present?
+  if ENV["CLINCH_HOST"].blank?
+    raise "CLINCH_HOST must be set (e.g. https://auth.example.com). It is the " \
+          "canonical origin of this Clinch instance and must not be inferred " \
+          "from request headers."
+  end
+end

config/initializers/content_security_policy.rb

@@ -9,13 +9,15 @@ Rails.application.configure do
     # Default to self for everything, plus blob: for file downloads
     policy.default_src :self, "blob:"
 
-    # Scripts: Allow self, importmaps, unsafe-inline for Turbo/StimulusJS, and blob: for downloads
+    # Scripts: self + per-response nonce (see nonce config below) + blob: for
-    # Note: unsafe_inline is needed for Stimulus controllers and Turbo navigation
+    # downloads. No unsafe-inline — importmap/Turbo/Stimulus inline tags carry the
-    policy.script_src :self, :unsafe_inline, "blob:"
+    # nonce automatically, and the one hand-written inline script is nonced.
+    policy.script_src :self, "blob:"
 
-    # Styles: Allow self and unsafe_inline for TailwindCSS dynamic classes
+    # Styles: self + per-response nonce. No unsafe-inline — Tailwind ships as an
-    # and Stimulus controller style manipulations
+    # external stylesheet, Turbo's injected <style> carries the nonce, and Stimulus
-    policy.style_src :self, :unsafe_inline
+    # sets styles via the CSSOM (not governed by CSP).
+    policy.style_src :self
 
     # Images: Allow self, data URLs, and https for external images
     policy.img_src :self, :data, :https
@@ -59,6 +61,13 @@ Rails.application.configure do
     policy.report_uri "/api/csp-violation-report"
   end
 
+  # Per-response random nonce applied to script-src and style-src. The app does
+  # not page-cache HTML, so a fresh random nonce per response is the most secure
+  # choice (no reuse across responses). csp_meta_tag (in the layout) and
+  # importmap-rails read this nonce automatically.
+  config.content_security_policy_nonce_generator = ->(_request) { SecureRandom.base64(16) }
+  config.content_security_policy_nonce_directives = %w[script-src style-src]
+
   # Start with CSP in report-only mode for testing
   # Set to false after verifying everything works in production
   config.content_security_policy_report_only = Rails.env.development?

config/initializers/filter_parameter_logging.rb

@@ -4,5 +4,8 @@
 # Use this to limit dissemination of sensitive information.
 # See the ActiveSupport::ParameterFilter documentation for supported notations and behaviors.
 Rails.application.config.filter_parameters += [
-  :passw, :email, :secret, :token, :_key, :crypt, :salt, :certificate, :otp, :ssn, :cvv, :cvc, :backup
+  :passw, :email, :secret, :token, :_key, :crypt, :salt, :certificate, :otp, :ssn, :cvv, :cvc, :backup,
+  # :code partially matches the TOTP/backup `code` param, the OAuth authorization
+  # `code`, and the PKCE `code_verifier`/`code_challenge` — all sensitive in logs.
+  :code
 ]

config/initializers/version.rb

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
 module Clinch
-  VERSION = "0.15.0"
+  VERSION = "0.16.0"
 end

db/migrate/20260611000001_add_last_otp_at_to_users.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+class AddLastOtpAtToUsers < ActiveRecord::Migration[8.1]
+  def change
+    # Unix timestamp of the most recently accepted TOTP timestep, used to reject
+    # replay of a code within its drift window (passed to ROTP's `after:`).
+    add_column :users, :last_otp_at, :integer
+  end
+end

db/schema.rb

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 #
 # It's strongly recommended that you check this file into your version control system.
 
-ActiveRecord::Schema[8.1].define(version: 2026_06_07_000003) do
+ActiveRecord::Schema[8.1].define(version: 2026_06_11_000001) do
   create_table "active_storage_attachments", force: :cascade do |t|
     t.bigint "blob_id", null: false
     t.datetime "created_at", null: false
@@ -233,6 +233,7 @@ ActiveRecord::Schema[8.1].define(version: 2026_06_07_000003) do
     t.datetime "created_at", null: false
     t.json "custom_claims", default: {}, null: false
     t.string "email_address", null: false
+    t.integer "last_otp_at"
     t.datetime "last_sign_in_at"
     t.string "name"
     t.string "password_digest", null: false

test/controllers/api/forward_auth_bearer_test.rb

@@ -113,6 +113,42 @@ module Api
       assert_equal "Application is inactive", json["error"]
     end
 
+    test "bearer token returns 401 once user is removed from allowed groups" do
+      # App restricted to a specific group; user is a member when the key is made.
+      group = Group.create!(name: "webdav-users")
+      restricted_app = Application.create!(
+        name: "Restricted WebDAV",
+        slug: "restricted-webdav",
+        app_type: "forward_auth",
+        domain_pattern: "restricted.example.com",
+        active: true
+      )
+      restricted_app.allowed_groups << group
+      @user.groups << group
+
+      key = @user.api_keys.create!(name: "Restricted Key", application: restricted_app)
+      token = key.plaintext_token
+
+      # Sanity: access works while membership stands.
+      get "/api/verify", headers: {
+        "Authorization" => "Bearer #{token}",
+        "X-Forwarded-Host" => "restricted.example.com"
+      }
+      assert_response :ok
+
+      # Revoke group membership; the existing key must stop working.
+      @user.groups.destroy(group)
+
+      get "/api/verify", headers: {
+        "Authorization" => "Bearer #{token}",
+        "X-Forwarded-Host" => "restricted.example.com"
+      }
+
+      assert_response :unauthorized
+      json = JSON.parse(response.body)
+      assert_equal "Access denied: insufficient group membership", json["error"]
+    end
+
     test "no bearer token falls through to cookie auth" do
       # No auth header, no session -> should redirect (cookie flow)
       get "/api/verify", headers: {

test/controllers/api/forward_auth_controller_test.rb

@@ -242,6 +242,20 @@ module Api
       assert_equal "No authentication rule configured for this domain", response.headers["x-auth-reason"]
     end
 
+    # Fail closed when no host can be determined: emitting identity headers without
+    # an application would bypass all per-domain group access control.
+    test "should fail closed and emit no identity headers when host is absent" do
+      sign_in_as(@user)
+
+      # Blank both host sources so forwarded_host is not present.
+      get "/api/verify", headers: {"X-Forwarded-Host" => "", "Host" => ""}
+
+      assert_response 403
+      assert_equal "No host header present", response.headers["x-auth-reason"]
+      assert_nil response.headers["X-Remote-User"]
+      assert_nil response.headers["X-Remote-Groups"]
+    end
+
     # Security Tests
     test "should handle very long domain names" do
       long_domain = "a" * 250 + ".example.com"

test/controllers/oidc_authorization_code_security_test.rb

@@ -34,6 +34,25 @@ class OidcAuthorizationCodeSecurityTest < ActionDispatch::IntegrationTest
   # CRITICAL SECURITY TESTS
   # ====================
 
+  test "consent endpoint rejects cross-site POST without a CSRF token" do
+    sign_in_as(@user)
+
+    # Forgery protection is disabled in the test env by default; enable it so the
+    # before_action actually runs, mirroring production behaviour.
+    original = ActionController::Base.allow_forgery_protection
+    ActionController::Base.allow_forgery_protection = true
+    begin
+      # No authenticity_token param: a forged cross-site submission. Because
+      # :consent is NOT in the verify_authenticity_token skip list, this must be
+      # rejected before the action can grant any OAuth scopes.
+      post "/oauth/authorize/consent", params: {approve: "true"}
+
+      assert_response :unprocessable_entity
+    ensure
+      ActionController::Base.allow_forgery_protection = original
+    end
+  end
+
   test "prevents authorization code reuse - sequential attempts" do
     # Create consent
     OidcUserConsent.create!(

test/controllers/oidc_refresh_token_controller_test.rb

@@ -213,6 +213,50 @@ class OidcRefreshTokenControllerTest < ActionDispatch::IntegrationTest
     assert_equal family_id, new_refresh_token.token_family_id
   end
 
+  test "reusing a revoked refresh token revokes every access token in the family" do
+    access_token = OidcAccessToken.create!(
+      application: @application,
+      user: @user,
+      scope: "openid profile email"
+    )
+    refresh_token = OidcRefreshToken.create!(
+      application: @application,
+      user: @user,
+      oidc_access_token: access_token,
+      scope: "openid profile email"
+    )
+    family_id = refresh_token.token_family_id
+    old_plaintext = refresh_token.token
+
+    # Rotate once: the old refresh token is revoked; a new access + refresh token
+    # are issued into the same family.
+    post "/oauth/token", params: {
+      grant_type: "refresh_token",
+      refresh_token: old_plaintext,
+      client_id: @application.client_id,
+      client_secret: @client_secret
+    }
+    assert_response :success
+
+    new_refresh = OidcRefreshToken.in_family(family_id).where.not(id: refresh_token.id).first
+    new_access_token = new_refresh.oidc_access_token
+    refute new_access_token.reload.revoked?, "rotated-in access token should start active"
+
+    # Reuse the OLD (now revoked) refresh token -> rotation-attack detection.
+    post "/oauth/token", params: {
+      grant_type: "refresh_token",
+      refresh_token: old_plaintext,
+      client_id: @application.client_id,
+      client_secret: @client_secret
+    }
+    assert_response :bad_request
+
+    # Both the original and the rotated-in access token must now be revoked, so a
+    # stolen access token from anywhere in the chain stops working at /userinfo.
+    assert access_token.reload.revoked?, "original access token should be revoked"
+    assert new_access_token.reload.revoked?, "rotated-in access token should be revoked"
+  end
+
   test "userinfo endpoint works with hashed access token" do
     access_token = OidcAccessToken.create!(
       application: @application,

test/controllers/totp_security_test.rb

@@ -19,16 +19,21 @@ class TotpSecurityTest < ActionDispatch::IntegrationTest
 
     # First use of the code should succeed
     post totp_verification_path, params: {code: valid_code}
-    assert_response :redirect
     assert_redirected_to root_path
 
     # Sign out
     delete session_path
     assert_response :redirect
 
-    # Note: In the current implementation, TOTP codes CAN be reused within the 60-second time window
+    # Replay the SAME code in a fresh sign-in attempt. Because verify_totp records
-    # This is standard TOTP behavior. For enhanced security, you could implement used code tracking.
+    # the accepted timestep (ROTP `after:`), the code is now rejected even though
-    # This test documents the current behavior - codes work within their time window
+    # it is still within its drift window — so we stay on the verification step.
+    post signin_path, params: {email_address: "totp_replay_test@example.com", password: "password123"}
+    assert_redirected_to totp_verification_path
+
+    post totp_verification_path, params: {code: valid_code}
+    assert_redirected_to totp_verification_path
+    assert_equal "Invalid verification code. Please try again.", flash[:alert]
 
     user.sessions.delete_all
     user.destroy

test/integration/csp_test.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+require "test_helper"
+
+class CspTest < ActionDispatch::IntegrationTest
+  # In the test env content_security_policy_report_only is false, so the enforcing
+  # Content-Security-Policy header is emitted.
+  test "signin page sends a nonce-based CSP with no unsafe-inline" do
+    get signin_path
+    assert_response :success
+
+    csp = response.headers["Content-Security-Policy"]
+    assert csp.present?, "expected a Content-Security-Policy header"
+
+    script_src = directive(csp, "script-src")
+    style_src = directive(csp, "style-src")
+
+    assert_includes script_src, "'nonce-", "script-src must carry a nonce"
+    assert_includes style_src, "'nonce-", "style-src must carry a nonce"
+    refute_includes script_src, "'unsafe-inline'", "script-src must not allow unsafe-inline"
+    refute_includes style_src, "'unsafe-inline'", "style-src must not allow unsafe-inline"
+  end
+
+  test "the inline theme script carries the script-src nonce" do
+    get signin_path
+    assert_response :success
+
+    header_nonce = response.headers["Content-Security-Policy"][/script-src[^;]*'nonce-([^']+)'/, 1]
+    assert header_nonce.present?, "expected a nonce in the CSP header"
+
+    # The hand-written dark-mode <script> in the layout must use the same nonce,
+    # otherwise it would be blocked under the enforcing policy.
+    assert_match(/<script nonce="#{Regexp.escape(header_nonce)}">/, response.body,
+      "inline theme script must carry the matching CSP nonce")
+  end
+
+  private
+
+  def directive(csp, name)
+    csp.split(";").map(&:strip).find { |d| d.start_with?("#{name} ") } || ""
+  end
+end

test/integration/forward_auth_integration_test.rb

@@ -153,6 +153,10 @@ class ForwardAuthIntegrationTest < ActionDispatch::IntegrationTest
 
   # Redirect URL Integration Tests
   test "unauthenticated request redirects to signin with parameters" do
+    # grafana.example.com must be a registered forward-auth app for its URL to be
+    # honoured as a redirect target (otherwise it would be an open-redirect vector).
+    grant_everyone_access Application.create!(name: "Grafana", slug: "grafana", app_type: "forward_auth", domain_pattern: "grafana.example.com", active: true)
+
     # Test that unauthenticated requests redirect to signin with rd and rm parameters
     get "/api/verify", headers: {
       "X-Forwarded-Host" => "grafana.example.com"
@@ -172,7 +176,27 @@ class ForwardAuthIntegrationTest < ActionDispatch::IntegrationTest
     assert_includes location, "grafana.example.com"
   end
 
+  test "spoofed X-Forwarded-Host is not reflected as a redirect target" do
+    # No forward-auth app exists for evil.com, and no valid rd is supplied. The
+    # attacker-controlled host must NOT be stored or reflected into the signin URL,
+    # and base_url must come from CLINCH_HOST (or the safe localhost default in
+    # test) rather than the request host.
+    get "/api/verify", headers: {
+      "X-Forwarded-Host" => "evil.com",
+      "X-Forwarded-Uri" => "/steal"
+    }
+
+    assert_response 302
+    assert_match %r{/signin}, response.location
+    refute_includes response.location, "evil.com"
+    refute_match(/evil\.com/, session[:return_to_after_authenticating].to_s)
+  end
+
   test "return URL functionality after authentication" do
+    # app.example.com must be a registered forward-auth app for its URL to be
+    # honoured as a redirect target.
+    grant_everyone_access Application.create!(name: "App FA", slug: "app-fa", app_type: "forward_auth", domain_pattern: "app.example.com", active: true)
+
     # Initial request should set return URL
     get "/api/verify", headers: {
       "X-Forwarded-Host" => "app.example.com",

test/integration/session_security_test.rb

@@ -1,6 +1,49 @@
 require "test_helper"
 
 class SessionSecurityTest < ActionDispatch::IntegrationTest
+  # ====================
+  # ACCOUNT DEACTIVATION TESTS
+  # ====================
+
+  test "TOTP verification rejects a user disabled mid-flow" do
+    user = User.create!(email_address: "midflow_totp@example.com", password: "password123")
+    user.enable_totp!
+    code = ROTP::TOTP.new(user.totp_secret).now
+
+    # Phase A: password step stashes the pending 2FA user
+    post signin_path, params: {email_address: "midflow_totp@example.com", password: "password123"}
+    assert_redirected_to totp_verification_path
+
+    # Admin disables the account while the user is on the 2FA screen
+    user.update!(status: :disabled)
+
+    # Phase B: completing TOTP must NOT create a session
+    post totp_verification_path, params: {code: code}
+    assert_redirected_to signin_path
+    assert_equal 0, user.reload.sessions.count
+
+    user.destroy
+  end
+
+  test "an existing session stops authenticating once the user is disabled" do
+    user = User.create!(email_address: "disabled_session@example.com", password: "password123")
+    sign_in_as(user)
+
+    get root_path
+    assert_response :success
+
+    # Disable bypassing the destroy callback to isolate the request-time lookup
+    # guard (find_session_by_cookie filtering on active users).
+    user.update_column(:status, User.statuses[:disabled])
+
+    get root_path
+    assert_response :redirect
+    assert_match %r{/signin}, response.location
+
+    user.sessions.delete_all
+    user.destroy
+  end
+
   # ====================
   # SESSION TIMEOUT TESTS
   # ====================
@@ -199,7 +242,7 @@ class SessionSecurityTest < ActionDispatch::IntegrationTest
       slug: "logout-test-app",
       app_type: "oidc",
       redirect_uris: ["http://localhost:4000/callback"].to_json,
-      backchannel_logout_uri: "http://localhost:4000/logout",
+      backchannel_logout_uri: "https://rp.example.com/backchannel-logout",
       active: true
     )
 

test/lib/private_address_check_test.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+require "test_helper"
+
+class PrivateAddressCheckTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
+  # internal_host? — DNS-free checks on IP literals and known hostnames
+  test "flags loopback, private, and link-local IP literals as internal" do
+    %w[
+      127.0.0.1
+      10.0.0.1
+      172.16.5.5
+      192.168.1.1
+      169.254.169.254
+      0.0.0.0
+      ::1
+    ].each do |host|
+      assert PrivateAddressCheck.internal_host?(host), "expected #{host} to be internal"
+    end
+  end
+
+  test "flags localhost-style hostnames as internal" do
+    assert PrivateAddressCheck.internal_host?("localhost")
+    assert PrivateAddressCheck.internal_host?("foo.localhost")
+    assert PrivateAddressCheck.internal_host?("metadata.google.internal")
+    assert PrivateAddressCheck.internal_host?("")
+  end
+
+  test "does not flag public IP literals as internal" do
+    refute PrivateAddressCheck.internal_host?("8.8.8.8")
+    refute PrivateAddressCheck.internal_host?("1.1.1.1")
+  end
+
+  # resolves_to_internal? on IP literals (no DNS needed) exercises the same
+  # address classification used after resolution.
+  test "resolves_to_internal? classifies IP literals" do
+    assert PrivateAddressCheck.resolves_to_internal?("169.254.169.254")
+    assert PrivateAddressCheck.resolves_to_internal?("127.0.0.1")
+    refute PrivateAddressCheck.resolves_to_internal?("8.8.8.8")
+  end
+end

test/mailers/security_mailer_test.rb

@@ -54,6 +54,15 @@ class SecurityMailerTest < ActionMailer::TestCase
     assert_bodies_contain email, "Old MacBook"
   end
 
+  test "suspicious_passkey_used warns about a blocked clone sign-in" do
+    email = SecurityMailer.suspicious_passkey_used(@user, nickname: "Yubikey-5", **CONTEXT)
+
+    assert_equal [@user.email_address], email.to
+    assert_match(/blocked/i, email.subject)
+    assert_bodies_contain email, "Yubikey-5"
+    assert_bodies_match email, /clon/i
+  end
+
   test "api_key_created includes the key name" do
     email = SecurityMailer.api_key_created(@user, name: "CI bot", **CONTEXT)
 

test/models/application_test.rb

@@ -56,4 +56,29 @@ class ApplicationTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
     tempfile&.close
     tempfile&.unlink
   end
+
+  test "rejects backchannel_logout_uri pointing at internal addresses (SSRF guard)" do
+    app = applications(:kavita_app)
+
+    internal_uris = [
+      "http://127.0.0.1/logout",
+      "http://localhost/logout",
+      "https://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/",
+      "http://10.0.0.5/logout",
+      "http://192.168.1.10/logout"
+    ]
+
+    internal_uris.each do |uri|
+      app.backchannel_logout_uri = uri
+      refute app.valid?, "expected #{uri} to be rejected"
+      assert_includes app.errors[:backchannel_logout_uri].join, "private, loopback, or link-local"
+    end
+  end
+
+  test "allows backchannel_logout_uri pointing at a public host" do
+    app = applications(:kavita_app)
+    app.backchannel_logout_uri = "https://relying-party.example.com/backchannel-logout"
+
+    assert app.valid?, app.errors.full_messages.to_sentence
+  end
 end

test/models/user_test.rb

@@ -1,6 +1,27 @@
 require "test_helper"
 
 class UserTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
+  test "disabling a user destroys their active sessions" do
+    user = User.create!(email_address: "disable_sessions@example.com", password: "password123")
+    user.sessions.create!
+    user.sessions.create!
+    assert_equal 2, user.sessions.count
+
+    user.update!(status: :disabled)
+
+    assert_equal 0, user.reload.sessions.count
+  end
+
+  test "reactivating or other updates do not destroy sessions" do
+    user = User.create!(email_address: "keep_sessions@example.com", password: "password123")
+    user.sessions.create!
+
+    # An update that does not change status must leave sessions intact.
+    user.update!(username: "keepsessions")
+
+    assert_equal 1, user.reload.sessions.count
+  end
+
   test "downcases and strips email_address" do
     user = User.new(email_address: " DOWNCASED@EXAMPLE.COM ")
     assert_equal("downcased@example.com", user.email_address)

test/models/webauthn_credential_test.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+require "test_helper"
+
+class WebauthnCredentialTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
+  # suspicious_sign_count?(new_sign_count) — clone detection per WebAuthn §6.1.1.
+  # Build an in-memory credential with a given stored sign_count; no persistence
+  # needed since the method only reads self.sign_count.
+  def credential(stored:)
+    WebauthnCredential.new(sign_count: stored)
+  end
+
+  test "does not flag when the authenticator reports no counter (synced passkeys)" do
+    # Both 0 -> authenticator doesn't implement a counter; must NOT be suspicious.
+    refute credential(stored: 0).suspicious_sign_count?(0)
+    # Stored 0, first real use.
+    refute credential(stored: 0).suspicious_sign_count?(5)
+    # Stored non-zero but authenticator now reports 0 -> no counter, not a clone.
+    refute credential(stored: 5).suspicious_sign_count?(0)
+  end
+
+  test "does not flag a normal increasing counter" do
+    refute credential(stored: 5).suspicious_sign_count?(6)
+    refute credential(stored: 1).suspicious_sign_count?(1000)
+  end
+
+  test "flags a non-advancing counter as a possible clone" do
+    assert credential(stored: 5).suspicious_sign_count?(5), "equal count is suspicious"
+    assert credential(stored: 5).suspicious_sign_count?(3), "decreasing count is suspicious"
+  end
+end