Move CSP to nonces; remove unsafe-inline from script-src and style-src

unsafe-inline on script-src neutered CSP as an XSS defense on the login and OAuth
consent pages (the highest-value targets in an IdP). Switch to a per-response
nonce for both script-src and style-src and drop unsafe-inline entirely.

- Add a random per-response nonce generator and apply it to script-src/style-src.
- Remove :unsafe_inline from both directives.
- Nonce the one hand-written inline script (dark-mode detection in the layout).
- Convert the 2 static style="display:none" attributes to class="hidden" (their
  runtime toggle is done via element.style in JS, which CSP does not govern).

importmap-rails (2.2.3) already stamps the nonce onto its generated inline
importmap/module/preload tags, and Turbo (2.0.23) reads csp_meta_tag for its
injected <style>, so no other view changes were needed. Adds an integration test
asserting the enforcing header carries nonces, omits unsafe-inline, and that the
inline script's nonce matches the header.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

app/views/layouts/application.html.erb

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
     <%= csrf_meta_tags %>
     <%= csp_meta_tag %>
 
-    <script>
+    <script nonce="<%= content_security_policy_nonce %>">
       (function() {
         var theme = localStorage.getItem('theme');
         if (theme === 'dark' || (!theme && window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)').matches)) {

app/views/sessions/new.html.erb

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
         </svg>
         Continue with Passkey
       </button>
-      <div data-webauthn-target="error" class="mt-2 text-sm text-red-600" style="display: none;"></div>
+      <div data-webauthn-target="error" class="mt-2 text-sm text-red-600 hidden"></div>
     </div>
 
     <!-- Password section - shown by default, hidden if WebAuthn is required -->

app/views/sessions/verify_totp.html.erb

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
             </svg>
             Use Passkey Instead
           </button>
-          <div data-webauthn-target="error" class="mt-2 text-sm text-red-600" style="display: none;"></div>
+          <div data-webauthn-target="error" class="mt-2 text-sm text-red-600 hidden"></div>
         </div>
       </div>
     <% end %>