Switch Access / Refresh tokens / Auth Code from bcrypt ( and plain ) to hmac. BCrypt is for low entropy passwords and prevents dictionary attacks - HMAC is suitable for 256-bit random data.

app/models/oidc_access_token.rb

@@ -1,15 +1,12 @@
 class OidcAccessToken < ApplicationRecord
-  include TokenPrefixable
-
   belongs_to :application
   belongs_to :user
   has_many :oidc_refresh_tokens, dependent: :destroy
 
-  before_validation :generate_token_with_prefix, on: :create
+  before_validation :generate_token, on: :create
   before_validation :set_expiry, on: :create
 
-  validates :token_digest, presence: true
-  validates :token_prefix, presence: true
+  validates :token_hmac, presence: true, uniqueness: true
 
   scope :valid, -> { where("expires_at > ?", Time.current).where(revoked_at: nil) }
   scope :expired, -> { where("expires_at <= ?", Time.current) }
@@ -18,6 +15,19 @@ class OidcAccessToken < ApplicationRecord
 
   attr_accessor :plaintext_token  # Store plaintext temporarily for returning to client
 
+  # Find access token by plaintext token using HMAC verification
+  def self.find_by_token(plaintext_token)
+    return nil if plaintext_token.blank?
+
+    token_hmac = compute_token_hmac(plaintext_token)
+    find_by(token_hmac: token_hmac)
+  end
+
+  # Compute HMAC for token lookup
+  def self.compute_token_hmac(plaintext_token)
+    OpenSSL::HMAC.hexdigest('SHA256', TokenHmac::KEY, plaintext_token)
+  end
+
   def expired?
     expires_at <= Time.current
   end
@@ -36,11 +46,15 @@ class OidcAccessToken < ApplicationRecord
     oidc_refresh_tokens.each(&:revoke!)
   end
 
-  # find_by_token, token_matches?, and generate_token_with_prefix
-  # are now provided by TokenPrefixable concern
-
   private
 
+  def generate_token
+    # Generate random plaintext token
+    self.plaintext_token ||= SecureRandom.urlsafe_base64(48)
+    # Store HMAC in database (not plaintext)
+    self.token_hmac ||= self.class.compute_token_hmac(plaintext_token)
+  end
+
   def set_expiry
     self.expires_at ||= application.access_token_expiry
   end